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Sign In With Ethereum

AppKit provides a simple solution for integrating with "Sign In With Ethereum" (SIWE), a new form of authentication that enables users to control their digital identity with their Ethereum account. SIWE is a standard also known as EIP-4361.

One-Click Auth​

One-Click Auth represents a key advancement within WalletConnect v2, streamlining the user authentication process in AppKit by enabling them to seamlessly connect with a wallet and sign a SIWE message with just one click.

Connecting a wallet, proving control of an address with an off-chain signature, authorizing specific actions. These are the kinds of authorizations that can be encoded as "ReCaps". ReCaps are permissions for a specific website or dapp that can be compactly encoded as a long string in the message you sign and translated by any wallet into a straight-forward one-sentence summary. WalletConnect uses permissions expressed as ReCaps to enable a One-Click Authentication.

Installation​

npm i @reown/appkit-siwe siwe

Configure your SIWE Client​

info

If you are not using our library on the server-side, please normalize the address with eip-55 in the createMessage function. You can check our example for that funcionality.

import { SiweMessage } from 'siwe'
import {
    type SIWESession,
    type SIWEVerifyMessageArgs,
    type SIWECreateMessageArgs,
    createSIWEConfig,
    formatMessage,
  } from '@reown/appkit-siwe'

const BASE_URL = 'http://localhost:8080';

/* Function that returns the user's session - this should come from your SIWE backend */
async function getSession(){
   const res = await fetch(BASE_URL + "/session", {
    method: "GET",
    headers: {
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    credentials: 'include',
  });
  if (!res.ok) {
      throw new Error('Network response was not ok');
  }
  
  const data = await res.json();
  
  const isValidData = typeof data === 'object' && typeof data.address === 'string' && typeof data.chainId === 'number';

  return isValidData ? data as SIWESession : null;
}

/* Use your SIWE server to verify if the message and the signature are valid */
 const verifyMessage = async ({ message, signature }: SIWEVerifyMessageArgs) => {
    try {
        const response = await fetch(BASE_URL + "/verify", {
            method: "POST",
            headers: {
              'Accept': 'application/json',
              'Content-Type': 'application/json',
            },
            mode: 'cors',
            body: JSON.stringify({ message, signature }),
            credentials: 'include'
        });

        if (!response.ok) {
            return false;
        }
        
        const result = await response.json();
        return result === true;
      } catch (error) {
        return false;
      }
}

// Check the full example for signOut and getNonce functions ... 

/* Create a SIWE configuration object */
export const siweConfig = createSIWEConfig({
  getMessageParams: async () => ({
    domain: window.location.host,
    uri: window.location.origin, 
    chains: [1, 2020],
      statement: 'Please sign with your account',
  }),
  createMessage: ({ address, ...args }: SIWECreateMessageArgs) => formatMessage(args, address),

  getNonce: async () => { //This is only an example, substitute it with your actual nonce getter.
    const nonce = "YOUR_NONCE_GETTER"
    if (!nonce) {
      throw new Error('Failed to get nonce!')
    }
    return nonce
  },
  getSession,
  verifyMessage,
  signOut: async () => { //Example
    // Implement your Sign out function
  }
});

Server Side​

Setting up a backend server using Express for a web application that interacts with the Siwe protocol.

Routes:​

  • GET '/nonce': Generates and returns a nonce (single-use random number).
  • POST '/verify': Uses the Siwe protocol to verify the message, requiring a signature (the one you are going to approve throw the UX) and a nonce stored in the session.
  • GET '/session': Retrieves the stored Siwe object from the session.
  • GET '/signout': Clears the session.
import cors from 'cors';
import express from 'express';
import Session from 'express-session';
import { generateNonce } from 'siwe';
import {
  verifySignature,
  getAddressFromMessage,
  getChainIdFromMessage,
} from '@reown/appkit-siwe'

const app = express();

// configure cors and sessions
app.use(cors({
  origin: 'http://localhost:5173', // frontend URL
  credentials: true,
}))
app.use(express.json())
app.use(Session({
  name: 'siwe-quickstart',
  secret: "siwe-quickstart-secret",
  resave: true,
  saveUninitialized: true,
  cookie: { secure: false, sameSite: true }
}));

app.get('/nonce', function (_, res) {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain');
    res.send(generateNonce());
});

// verify the message
app.post('/verify', async (req, res) => {
    try {
      if (!req.body.message) {
        return res.status(400).json({ error: 'SiweMessage is undefined' });
      }

      // save the session with the address and chainId (SIWESession)
      req.session.siwe = { address, chainId };
      req.session.save(() => res.status(200).send(true));

      
      const message = req.body.message;
      const singnature = req.body.signature;
      const address = getAddressFromMessage(message);
      let chainId = getChainIdFromMessage(message);
      
      const isValid = await verifySignature({
        address,
        message,
        signature,
        chainId,
        projectId,
      });
      if (!isValid) {
        // throw an error if the signature is invalid
        throw new Error('Invalid signature');
      }
      if (chainId.includes(":")) {
        chainId = chainId.split(":")[1];
      }
      
      // Convert chainId to a number
      chainId = Number(chainId);

      if (isNaN(chainId)) {
          throw new Error("Invalid chainId");
      }
      
      // save the session with the address and chainId (SIWESession)
      req.session.siwe = { address, chainId };
      req.session.save(() => res.status(200).send(true));
    } catch (e) {
      // clean the session
      req.session.siwe = null;
      req.session.nonce = null;
      req.session.save(() => res.status(500).json({ message: e.message }));
    }
  });

  /// ... check the github repository for the others endpoints

  // get the session
  app.get('/session', (req, res) => {
    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    res.send(req.session.siwe);
  });

Check the github full example to see the full flow working: siwe-quickstart

verifySignature​

Verify a SIWE signature.

import { verifySignature } from '@reown/appkit-siwe'

const isValid = await verifySignature({ address, message, signature, chainId, projectId })

Initialize AppKit with your siweConfig​

// Pass your siweConfig inside the createAppKit() function
  const modal = createAppKit({
      adapters: [wagmiAdapter], //or your Ethers adapter
      projectId,
      networks: [mainnet, arbitrum],
      defaultNetwork: mainnet,
      features: {
        analytics: true, // Optional - defaults to your Cloud configuration
      },
      siweConfig: siweConfig // pass your siweConfig
  })

SIWE Config Parameters​

getMessageParams () => Promise<{ domain: string, uri: string, chains: number[], statement: string }>​

Parameters to create the SIWE message internally.

getNonce () => Promise<string>​

The getNonce method functions as a safeguard against spoofing, akin to a CSRF token. The siwe package provides a generateNonce() helper, or you can utilize an existing CSRF token from your backend if available.

createMessage (args: SIWECreateMessageArgs) => string​

The official siwe package offers a straightforward method for generating an EIP-4361-compatible message, which can subsequently be authenticated using the same package. The nonce parameter is derived from your getNonce endpoint, while the address and chainId variables are sourced from the presently connected wallet.

verifyMessage (args: SIWEVerifyMessageArgs) => Promise<boolean>​

The function to ensure the message is valid, has not been tampered with, and has been appropriately signed by the wallet address.

getSession () => Promise<SIWESession | null>​

The backend session should store the associated address and chainId and return it via the getSession method.

signOut () => Promise<boolean>​

The users session can be destroyed calling signOut.

onSignIn (session?: SIWESession) => void​

Callback when user signs in (Optional).

onSignOut () => void​

Callback when user signs out (Optional).

signOutOnDisconnect boolean​

  • defaults to true

Whether or not to sign out when the user disconnects their wallet (Optional).